At the same time, these three carbons reduced the accumulation of Cr in various parts of the peach tree, alleviated the oxidative damage caused by Cr stress, effectively protected the photosystem of the leaves, improved the photosynthetic capacity, and promoted the growth of the peach tree. Moreover, the accumulation of Cr in plants decreased by 29.70%, 22.07%, and 20.52%, respectively. After BC, AC, and NC treatment, the content of Org-Cr in the soil increased by 86.05%, 72.97%, and 65.02% the content of EXE-Cr decreased by 75.30%, 75.33%, and 73.10% compared with the control under severe Cr treatment, respectively. Moreover, all carbon forms promoted the conversion of Cr speciation decreased the content of exchangeable (EXE), carbonate-bound (CARB), and iron–manganese-oxide-bound (FeMnO) Cr in the soil increased the organic-bound (Org) and precipitated (Pre) Cr content and reduced Cr availability.
The experimental results showed that under Cr stress, BC, AC, and NC could increase the soil nutrient content and enhance the soil enzyme activity. In this study, the effects of biochar (BC), activated carbon (AC), and nanocarbon (NC) on the growth of peach trees under chromium (Cr) stress were investigated through pot experiments. Heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil is a serious problem, which threatens the environment and human safety.
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